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The thyroid, a small, butterfly-shaped gland located on the neck just above the collarbone, is often referred to as a “master gland.” That’s because the gland produces a variety of hormones, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

TSH affects all of the body’s organs, tissues, and cells and, therefore, influences critical functions, including heart rate, energy levels, and metabolism.

T4 and T3 are both thyroid  hormones that can be found in the blood. Elevated or insufficient levels indicate thyroid dysfunction.

The American Thyroid Association estimates that as many as 20 million Americans have some type of thyroid disorder currently, and more than 12% of people will develop a thyroid disorder in their lifetime.

When the thyroid produces insufficient hormone amounts, a person can experience forgetfulness, depression, fatigue, and unexplained weight gain. This condition is known as hypothyroidism.

When the thyroid produces excessive hormone amounts, a person can experience heart palpitations, anxiety, restlessness, and emotional instability. This is known as hyperthyroidism. Grave’s disease is an autoimmune condition that is a type of hyperthyroidism.

Left untreated, these imbalances in thyroid hormones can lead to other serious medical problems that can place your health at great risk.

Other types of thyroid disease include:

Thyroid nodules, which are lumps filled with fluid or solid masses on the thyroid gland

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the thyroid

Thyroid cancer, which affects younger women more than any other age group

Common symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency includes:

Fatigue

Cold Intolerance

Weight Gain

Constipation

Dry Skin

Myalgia

Menstrual Irregularities