Published on Mar 15, 2023 | 10:32 AM
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Sinus infections, or sinusitis, can make your day-to-day routine a struggle. Varying in severity, millions of adults and children in the United States are diagnosed yearly with the condition. Specifically affecting the tissue lining in the sinuses, sinusitis occurs when that part of the body becomes inflamed or infected. While common and often minor, it can be a condition that can spiral into something worse and make even simple tasks difficult.
Sinusitis can manifest in a variety of symptoms, which can vary in severity and duration depending on a variety of factors. According to the CDC, these are the most common:
It's important to note that not all sinusitis symptoms are the same for everyone, and some individuals may experience only a few or none of these symptoms. If your symptoms are persistent or causing discomfort, get prescription treatment by submitting an online consultation.
According to the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, feeling under the weather for several days and experiencing symptoms such as facial pain, headache, nasal congestion, and discolored nasal discharge is a direct indication of a sinus infection. The standard time many professionals agree with is 10 days with constant symptoms. However, if your symptoms worsen after 5-7 days of initial improvement, then a consultation with a treatment plan is recommended. Additionally, if you have a history of chronic sinusitis, allergies, or recently had a cold or flu, your chances of developing a sinus infection may be higher.
According to WebMD, sinus infections have a variety of causes. Most of them have to do with the tissue lining the sinuses and where they come from or how they develop in the body. Here are some of the most common causes of sinusitis::
Allergies: Allergic reactions to airborne particles such as pollen, dust, and animal dander can cause inflammation in the sinuses and lead to sinusitis.
Bacterial infections: Bacteria can also infect the sinuses, particularly in cases of acute sinusitis.
Dental infections: Infections in the teeth or gums can spread to the sinuses and cause sinusitis.
Deviated septum: A crooked or misaligned septum can block the sinuses and make them more susceptible to infection.
Fungal infections: Fungal infections are rare but can occur in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Nasal polyps: Noncancerous growths in the nasal passages or sinuses can cause obstruction and lead to chronic sinusitis.
Viral infections: The common cold and influenza (flu) are the most common causes of viral sinusitis.
It's important to note that a combination of factors can cause sinusitis. For example, a viral infection may trigger inflammation in the sinuses, leading to a bacterial infection. Therefore, identifying the underlying cause of sinusitis is essential for determining the appropriate treatment.
The duration of sinusitis can vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. According to Healthline, sinus infections can come in four phases (acute, subacute, recurrent acute, and chronic), but most cases are referred to as "acute" or "chronic."
In general, acute sinusitis caused by a viral infection can last up to two weeks, while bacterial sinusitis may last up to four weeks. Chronic sinusitis, which lasts for more than 12 weeks despite treatment, may require long-term management and can be caused by a variety of factors.
Chronic sinusitis may require more aggressive treatment, such as nasal corticosteroids or immunotherapy, to manage inflammation and reduce the risk of complications. The duration of treatment for chronic sinusitis can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. It's important to follow up with a healthcare provider to ensure proper management of chronic sinusitis.
Yes, but not in all cases. According to OSF Healthcare, many cases of sinusitis are due to the patient catching a virus that targets that part of the body. In the instance that it is contagious, the time it can be passed on is short-lived but it can infect other people through the patient’s mouth and hands. We suggest covering your mouth when you sneeze or cough and washing your hands whenever possible.
It can be difficult to determine whether a sinus infection is caused by a virus or bacteria based on symptoms alone, as many of the symptoms are similar. However, there are some general differences that may provide clues as to the cause of the infection.
Viral sinus infections are the most common type and are typically associated with symptoms such as:
Symptoms of bacterial sinus infections, on the other hand, may include:
It's important to note that viral and bacterial sinus infections can share some of these symptoms and that the only way to accurately determine the cause of the infection is through a medical evaluation. If you suspect that you have a sinus infection, it's recommended to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Most cases of sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection, are mild and can be managed with home remedies or over-the-counter medications. However, there are certain signs and symptoms that may indicate a more serious condition and warrant medical attention. Here are some situations when you should seek medical care for sinusitis:
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to seek medical attention to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. Left untreated, sinus infections exhibiting severe symptoms can leave the body vulnerable and lead to worse conditions.
Yes, a sinus infection can lead to various complications, especially if left untreated or if the infection spreads beyond the sinuses. Some of the potential complications associated with sinusitis include:
The best treatment for a sinus infection depends on the underlying cause of the infection, as well as the severity and duration of symptoms. While prescription medication is generally the most effective, some methods of medical intervention might need to be considered, with the most common forms of sinus infection treatment including:
It's important to consult with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan. They can help determine the underlying cause of your sinus infection and recommend the most effective treatment to help you feel better.
There are several ways you can manage the symptoms of sinusitis at home:
It's important to note that home remedies may not be effective for everyone, and if your symptoms persist or worsen, you should seek medical attention. Additionally, if you have a history of chronic sinusitis or other underlying health conditions, it's important to consult with your healthcare provider before trying any new home remedies or over-the-counter medications.
English graduate and Call-On-Doc’s medical resource guide, Wayne C. Hahne is an experienced and passionate medical education content expert. Through diligent research, provider interviews and utilizing the industry's leading resources for wellness information, it is Mr. Hahne’s personal mission to educate the general public on medical conditions with in-depth and easy-to-understand written guides.
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