Published on Aug 10, 2023 | 10:39 AM
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Pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva — the thin, clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is a common eye condition that can affect people of all ages.
Pink eye can be caused by infections, allergies, or irritants. While it is often mild, some forms are highly contagious, making early identification and proper management important.
Symptoms can vary depending on the cause, but they typically affect one or both eyes.
Common symptoms include:
Red or pink appearance of the white of the eye
Eye irritation, burning, or gritty sensation
Watery or thick eye discharge
Crusting of the eyelids, especially after sleep
Itching (more common with allergies)
Sensitivity to light
Vision is usually not affected, though discharge or tearing may temporarily blur vision.
Pink eye can be classified based on its cause.
Viral conjunctivitis is the most common type and is often associated with cold or flu symptoms. It is highly contagious and usually resolves on its own.
Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by bacteria and often produces thicker, yellow or green discharge. Antibiotic treatment may be required.
Allergic conjunctivitis is triggered by allergens such as pollen or pet dander and is not contagious. It often affects both eyes and is associated with itching.
Irritant conjunctivitis occurs after exposure to smoke, chemicals, or foreign substances and improves once the irritant is removed.
Infectious pink eye spreads through direct contact with eye secretions or contaminated surfaces. Touching the eyes with unwashed hands, sharing towels or makeup, and close personal contact can all contribute to transmission.
Good hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to prevent spread.
Pink eye is usually diagnosed based on symptoms and a visual eye examination. Laboratory testing is rarely needed unless symptoms are severe, recurrent, or not improving with treatment.
A healthcare provider can help determine the cause and whether medication is needed.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
Viral conjunctivitis typically improves on its own with supportive care such as artificial tears and cold compresses.
Bacterial conjunctivitis may require prescription antibiotic eye drops or ointment.
Allergic conjunctivitis is managed with allergy medications and avoidance of triggers.
Regardless of cause, people should avoid touching their eyes and discontinue contact lens use until symptoms resolve.
Most cases of pink eye resolve without complications. However, untreated bacterial conjunctivitis can sometimes worsen or spread, and persistent symptoms may indicate a different eye condition requiring evaluation.
Prompt treatment helps reduce discomfort and prevents unnecessary spread to others.
Medical evaluation is recommended if symptoms are severe, worsening, or not improving after a few days. Immediate care is needed for eye pain, sensitivity to light, vision changes, or symptoms in newborns.
Call-On-Doc offers convenient, reliable care for pink eye through telehealth.
With a virtual visit, you can review symptoms with a licensed provider, determine the likely cause, and receive treatment recommendations or prescriptions when appropriate — without an in-person visit.
Healthcare that fits your life — not your calendar.
updated 1/26/2026 Shelly House, FNP, is a Family Nurse Practitioner and Call-On-Doc’s trusted medical education voice. With extensive experience in telehealth and patient-centered care, Ms. House is dedicated to making complex health topics simple and accessible. Through evidence-based content, provider collaboration, and a passion for empowering patients, her mission is to break down barriers to healthcare by delivering clear, compassionate, and practical medical guidance.
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